The results of the high-dose polychemotherapyuse with the support of autologous transplantation of haematopoietic stem cells in multiple sclerosis are considered in this article.Regimens of the medium and low intensity pretransplantation conditioning in patients with multiple sclerosis have a satisfactory safety profile.The autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an effective method for treating multiple sclerosis.The high-dose polychemotherapy use with a subsequent transplantation of autologous haematopoietic stem cells makes possible achievement of a long-term stabilization of neurological symptoms during the disease aggressive course.