The article provides information about approaches to medical rehabilitation of patients with certain forms of malignant neoplasms. Rehabilitation of cancer patients occupies a special position because the maximally full restoration of a patient physical, mental, and social well-being is the final useful result. Achievement of such a result assumes the rehabilitation early start, systematic implementation, comprehensive impact and diverse content, the rehabilitation measures continuity when carrying them at any stage not only solves its own problems but also creates the foundation to continue the rehabilitation in the future. Physical activity stimulates the body’s resistance and changes in the endocrine and metabolic processes and is an important factor in reducing the risk of developing cancer or its recurrence. In general, compliance with the protective regime, prevention of disabling as the consequences of the underlying disease and treatment by timely and effective correction of the chemotherapy and combined treatment complications (including life-threatening conditions), maintenance and functional recovery of the patient are the tasks of the medical rehabilitation integrated into the active cancer treatment. Psychological rehabilitation is carried out at all the stages of the rehabilitation care provision and is characterized by its own specific features at each stage. It provides for full acceleration of the psychological normal process adaptation to the changed due to the disease situation, the developing pathological mental changes prevention and treatment.