Objective. To study clinical characteristics of new cases of lung tuberculosis in HIV-positive and HIV-negative women of reproductive age in Gomel region.

Materials and methods. We retrospectively studied 106 new cases of lung tuberculosis in women aged 18—45 years (the age of the greatest reproductive activeness) in Gomel region.

Results. Infiltrative monolateral lung tuberculosis was found to predominate independently on the HIV-status. Cavitation occurred significantly more often in HIV-positive patients. Direct acid-fast microscopy was positive in 62.5% of HIV-positive and in 26.3% of HIV-negative patients (significantly more often in HIV-co-infected ones). The proportion of primary multi-drug resistant tuberculosis was about 50% in HIV-negative so as HIV-positive patients. In 10.4% of women aged 18—45 years tuberculosis was found during pregnancy or soon after childbearing.

Conclusion. Clinical peculiarities of lung tuberculosis in young women should be taken into account for optimizing anti-tuberculosis measures.