The article reviews the publications about active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer (PCa) and presents own data comprising an intermediate analysis in patients who underwent complex diagnostic procedures at the N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus.Within the recent 10 years, application of AS has been growing in many countries and most of the studies proved this method to be a beneficial approach in most of the subjects at low-risk for PCa. Nevertheless, the criteria for AS are wide.Clarification of information in relation to AS, the PCa initial stratification and triggers for conversion to the radical treatment present actual challenges in setting the background of screening for PCa in Belarus.