Nasal decongestants are the most popular drugs that people buy in pharmacies. The decongestants uncontrolled use and non-compliance with their dosage regimen can lead to addiction, the severity of the disease aggravation and complications development. In the context of the increasing role of self-medication and of OTC-drugs advertising in the media and the Internet the information about nasal decongestants systematization is relevant. The review purpose is to study the clinical pharmacology of nasal decongestants and to develop an algorithm of rational pharmaceutical assistance in the implementation of nasal decongestants (phenylephrine, xylometazoline, oxymetazoline, naphazoline, lerimazolin, tetrisoline). The pharmaceutical assistance is a system of medicinal, informational, organizational and methodological support for the specific diseases individualized pharmacotherapy. Thus, when developing algorithms for pharmaceutical assistance, a researcher should pay attention not only to the medicines clinical and pharmacological characteristics, the order of their dispensing organization at pharmacies but to the pathophysiological characteristics of the disease as well. Therefore, the etiology, pathogenesis and clinical picture of various forms of the common cold are described in the article. Actual information about 47 nasal decongestants registered in the Republic of Belarus such as: indications and contraindications, drug interactions, adverse reactions, mode of use, dosage regimen, rational use is given. An algorithm of pharmaceutical consultation of a pharmacy visitor having rhinitis symptoms is proposed in the article.