Antiangiogenesis was proposed as a novel target for the treatment of cancer more than 40 years ago. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most important one among the angiogenic cytokines. It plays the central role in the process of neovascularization both in cancer as well as in other inflammatory diseases. Three drugs (bevacizumab,
ziv-afliberzept and ramucirumab) were developed as highly specific inhibitors of the VEGF ligand or of the respective receptor. This article reviews most important clinical trials of using anti-VEGF approaches in oncology, the toxicity of these therapies, and their place in the clinical recommendations.