The article provides an analysis of leading scientific articles devoted to various X-ray classes of osteochondrosis of the cervical spine. When the morphological changes in case of this pathology are covered in detail, the functional changes, especially in the initial stage of the disease, they are characterized subjectively being not based on medical evidence. The author has studied the biomechanics and kinetics of the spine using modern visualization tools and proved that the cervical spine has its own characteristics and patterns of movement that have not been previously studied in detail. Basing on the data obtained, a two-stage classification has been proposed  distinguishing its periods which is very important for expert-rehabilitation diagnosis and determination of medical clinical-X-ray rehabilitation groups of patients with cervical osteochondrosis.