Objective. To study the causes of retinal detachment in children, the main factors of its development, determine the mechanisms of adverse functional and morphological treatment outcomes on the basis of the analysis of retinal detachment in children from Minsk region.
Material and methods. We analyzed the data of medical documentation, clinical studies and dynamic observation of 313 patients aged over one year to
18 years with a verified diagnosis of retinal detachment who were treated at the healthcare institution “4th city children’s clinical hospital” and “Minsk dictrict clinical hospital” in the period of 2009—2019.
Conclusion. We have determined that the most common cause of retinal detachment in children (41.5% of all cases) is an eye injury. Retinopathy of prematurity is the second most common cause of retinal detachment in children — 27.5%, congenital pathology — 24.0%; high-grade myopic refraction — 22.0%. rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is the most common according to ethiology — 58.8%. The greatest number of retinal detachment occurs in children in adolescence in the period of 9—13 years — 43.1% of cases of the disease, in the period of 4-8 years — 12.8%. Traumatic injury is leading at the age of 14—18 and 9—13 years (p<0.004), congenital pathology and retinopathy of prematurity — at the age before 3 years (p<0.001). The role of refractive error is increasing with the age and getting clinical relevance by the age of 9-13 and 14-18 years (p<0.008). With all types of retinal detachment the disease is more common in boys (2=3.4; p=0.183). The degree of proliferative vitreoretinopathy is C-fixed in 56.2% of all cases.