Objective. To substantiate the prospective directions of scientific activities in the area of environment and health care in the context of sustainable development of Belarus.

Materials and methods. The situation in the area of environment and public health of Belarus was analyzed basing on the official statistical reports, scientific publications, research results implemented in the Scientific Practical Center of Hygiene RUE within the framework of various scientific programs, Programs of achievements indicators of the Sustainable Development Goals assigned to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus.

Results. The main global processes forming the environment factors affecting public health in the current conditions of socio-economic development of Belarus were determined. The main profiles of risks to the public health in relation to the environment quality were formed. The strategic objectives of scientific research to substantiate measures of medical prevention of diseases associated with the environment were determined. Prospective areas of scientific research in this area were substantiated in the context of sustainable development taking into account the priority directions of scientific, scientific-technical, innovation activities in Belarus for the period 2021—2025. Following these areas of research will serve as a basis for supporting the hygienically safe and effective implementation of high-tech and export-oriented innovations with high economic efficiency essential for sustainable technological development in the conditions of economy globalization and for strengthening integration processes.

Conclusion. Prospective directions of scientific research on medical prevention of diseases associated with the quality of human environment for the period up to 2030 were determined. The justified directions were reflected in the draft subprogram — Human Habitat Security of the State scientific-technical program Quality and Accessibility of Medical Services for 2021—2025.