Scleral buckling is an effective method of surgical treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. During a traditional procedure, it is necessary to use indirect ophthalmoscopy to visualize retinal breaks. Data from numerous studies indicate that this type of surgical treatment has a high surgical success (84—100%). Significant advances in the development of installments for vitreoretinal surgery and new visualization systems can improve the effectiveness of this method. Recent studies indicate that endoilluminator-assisted scleral buckling is a safe procedure and has potential advantages over the traditional surgery. The scleral buckling combination with modem methods of vitreoretinal visualization can improve the intraoperative diagnostics of retinal breaks thereby improving the prognosis for patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.